I didn't get these notes done before the end of the year this time, either.
[get ... done => …を済ます（済ませる）]
[before the end of ... => …内]
[this time => 今度]
[either => どちらも、これでも（今度も）]
We met in one of the electives classrooms, to give us more room for the party.
[meet => 集合する (meet met met)]
[one of ... => …の一つ]
[elective => 選択教科]
[more room => （場所などの）余裕]
[to give us more room for ... => …のための余裕ができるように]
We played three word games in English, for practice.
[word game => （しりとりなどのような）言葉遊び]
At the end, we exchanged presents by drawing lots. I should have
left more time to talk about the presents, I think. Sorry about that.
[exchange => 交換する]
[drawing lots => くじを引くこと]
[should have ... => …にしたほうが良かった]
[leave time => （予定に）時間をあける]
Never Have I Ever
The
rules are in the notes for the previous lesson, but I'll summarize them here:
[summarize => 短くまとめる]
(
This game is also on Wikipedia.)
- Everyone holds up ten fingers.
[hold up ... => …を上に持つ、出す]
- Each turn goes like this:
[turn => 番、当番]
[... goes like this => こういうふうに行く、こんな感じでやる]
- The person whose turn it is tells something he or she has never done:
[tell => おしえる、話をする]
[something ... has never done => …は、やったことごないもの]
Never have I ever _____.
- Everyone who has done that thing folds one finger down.
[everyone who has ... => …をやったことがあるみな]
- Anyone who has folded all ten fingers down is out.
[anyone who has ... => …をやったことがあるだれでも]
[fold down => 下ろす]
[out => 負けた（状態）]
- The last person with fingers remaining up wins.
[fingers remaining up => 指が立ったまま残っている]
[解釈は
先月のノートをご参考下さい。]
The unusual grammar is for emphasis:
[unusual => 変わった、普通ではない]
[grammar => 文法]
[emphasis => 強調]
[=> 珍しい文法は強調のためです。]
- I have never flown like a bird.
[鳥のように飛んだことが一度もない。]
- I have never ever flown like a cat.
[猫みたいに飛んだ（或いは逃げ出した）ことは絶対に無い。]
- Never have I flown like an airplane.
[一度も飛行機みたいになって飛んだことがない。]
- Never have I ever flown like a banana.
[バナナのように飛んだことは一切に、絶対にありません。]
[fly => 飛ぶ、逃げ去る (fly, flew, flown)]
[coop => かご、おり、小屋 (chicken coop == 鶏小屋)]
[fly the coop => おりを羽ばたいて逃げる]
[put/fold a finger down => 指をおる ("bend"はここではあんまり使わない。)]
- helicopter (fly, flew, flown)
- Never have I ever flown in a helicopter.
- ghost (see, saw, seen)
- Never have I ever seen a ghost.
- pony [子馬] (ride, rode, ridden)
- Never have I ever ridden a pony.
- Korea -- day trip (go, went, gone)
- Never have I ever gone on a day trip to Korea.
- cruise around the world
- Never have I ever gone on a cruise around the world.
- tequila [テキーラ] (drink, drank, drunk)
- Never have I ever drunk tequila.
- snowboard (ride, rode, ridden)
- Never have I ever ridden on a snowboard.
Never have I ever gone snowboarding.
- viola [楽器のヴィオラ] (play)
- Never have I ever played the viola.
- Aomori
- Never have I ever gone to Aomori.
- diamond [ダイヤモンド：（ダイ・モンド）] (buy, bought, bought)
- Never have I ever bought a diamond.
- Dubai Atlantis Hotel (stay)
- Never have I ever stayed at the Atlantis Hotel in Dubai.
[Dubai => ドバイ]]
[United Arab Emirates => アラブ首長国連邦]
- scuba diving [スキューバ] (go, went, gone)
- Never have I ever gone scuba diving.
- St. Nick (Saint Nicholas) / Santa Claus (meet, met, met)
- Never have I ever met St. Nick.
- Iceland
- Never have I ever gone to Iceland.
Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John
This is a group game
useful for memorizing lists. The name comes from the list of names of
books of the New Testament (in the Bible), which is not easy to
memorize. But it can be used for other lists, like numbers in English or
Japanese.
[group game => グループで遊ぶゲーム]
[memorize => 覚える、暗記する]
[comes from ... => …由来]
[can be used for ... => …にも使ってもいい]
(This
is a simple game. It's a lot easier to play than to explain. If you are
not embarrassed to be seen, practice while you read the description.
That makes it simple to follow along.)
[easier to play than to explain => 説明するよりはやるのが簡単]
[not embarrassed to ... => …に恥ずかしくない]
[pratice while ... => …しながら練習する]
[description => 描写、説明]
[makes it simple to ... => …をやりやすくする]
[follow along => ついていく]
Everyone should sit in a circle.
[輪になって座る]
The rhythm is counted in four.
[四拍子のリズムです。]
The
leader should show the rhythm. Clap your hands twice on your knees on
one and two, then once together in front of you, then rest:
[clap hands on knees => 膝に手拍子]
[clap on one and two => １、２に拍子を]
[clap hands together => 手を併せて手拍子]
[in front of ... => …の前に]
[rest on four => ４に音を鳴らさない]
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands), rest.
After demonstrating the clapping twice or so, have everyone practice the rhythm in unison once or twice.
[in unison => 皆揃って、一致して、同度に]
Now
demonstrate the rhythm, saying the first word in the list on the third
count, then the second word, then the third, then fourth:
[saying ... => …を唱えて]
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "Matthew", rest.
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "Mark", rest.
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "Luke", rest.
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "John", rest.
If you are doing it with numbers, it will be
[数字の場合]
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "one", rest.
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "two", rest.
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "three", rest.
Clap (knees), clap (knees), clap (hands) -- "four", rest.
Then
have everyone practice the first part of the list in unison. If the
list is hard for some in the circle, you may want to practice the whole
list in unison.
[the first part of the list => リストの頭部の何個]
[if ... is hard => …が難しかったら]
[for some => 何人かにとって]
[you may want to ... => …が望ましいかも知らない]
[whole list => リスト全体（"whole"と"hole"は同音意義です。）]
Next,
have everyone in the circle number off, starting with the leader -- The
leader is Matthew, the next person to the right is Mark, the next is
Luke, and so on. Or, if using numbers, the leader is one, the person to
the right is two, etc.
[have everyone ... => 皆に…をやってもらう]
[number off => 順に追って唱える]
[next to the right => 右の人]
(Or you might use ordinals: "first", "second", "third", etc. Any list of words will work.)
[ordinals => 序数]
[work => 巧く行く、適用できる]
[any will work => どれでもいける]
A list of books of the New Testament (
more information here) is as follows:
- Matthew [マ・シュー]
- Mark [マーク]
- Luke [ルーク]
- John [ジョン]
- Acts [アックツ]
- Romans [ロー・マンズ]
- Corinthians (1st & 2nd) [コ・リン・シ・アンズ]
- Galatians [ガ・レー・シャンズ]
- Ephesians [エ・フィー・ジャンズ]
- Philippians [フィ・リ・ピ・アンズ]
- Colossians [コ・ロー・ジ・アンズ]
- Thessalonians (1st & 2nd) [テ・セ・ロー・ニ・アンズ]
- Timothy (1st & 2nd) [ティ・モ・シー]
- Titus [タイ・タス]
- Philemon [フィ・レ・モン]
- Hebrews [ヒー・ブルーズ]
- James [ジェームズ]
- Peter (1st & 2nd) [ピー・ター]
- John (1st, 2nd, & 3rd) [ジョン]
- Jude [ジュード]
- Revelation [レ・ヴェ・レー・ション]
If you have more than twenty-one in the circle, you can use
First and Second Corinthians, etc., but that requires speaking very
quickly.
[if more than ... => …より多い場合]
[First Corinthians => コリント人への第一の手紙]
[that requires ... => …が必要]
[quickly => 素早く]
One popular option is starting with Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, then shifting to numbers, one, two, etc.:
[popular option => 人気ある別のやり方]
[start with ... => …として初めて]
[shift to ... => …に切り替える]
Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, one, two, three, ...
Now
that everyone is comfortable with the list and the rhythm you might
want to go around the circle one more time, in rhythm, everyone
clapping, but only the person whose turn it is speaking his or her own
name or number.
[now that ... => …になっていて]
[everyone is comfortable with ... => 皆が…に慣れてきている]
[you might want to ... => …にしてもいいかも知らない]
[go around one more time => もう一回周る]
[in rhythm => 拍子に乗って]
[everyone clapping => 皆拍子を鳴らして]
[person whose turn it is => 順番の人]
[only ... speaking => …のみが唱えて]
[his or her own => 自分の]
Now you are ready for the beginners' level game.
[beginners' level => 初心者のやり方]
The leader starts the rhythm, with everyone clapping. On the third count, he says the name or number of the next person to lead.
[on the third count, he says ... => ３に…を唱える]
[... of the next person => 次の人の…]
Without breaking rhythm, the new leader names the next person to lead, and so on.
[without breaking the rhythm => 拍子を外さず]
When someone misses, everyone stops, and then that person starts the rhythm again.
[when ... misses => …がミスを起こすと]
[that person => （ミスを起こした）その人]
When
everyone feels comfortable with the first level, take it up a level. At
this level, the leader is not silent on the first two counts, but says
his own name or number. :
[take it up a level => レベルをあげる]
[not silent => 黙ってはいない]
[says his own ... => 自分の…を唱える]
Matthew: Clap, "Matthew"; clap, "Matthew"; clap "Mark"; rest.
if Matthew picks Mark to continue.
[picks ... to continue => 続く（人）に…を示す（当てる）]
Then, if Mark picks Acts to continue,
Mark: Clap, "Mark"; clap, "Mark"; clap, "Acts"; rest.
If Acts then picks Philippians,
Acts: Clap, "Acts"; clap, "Acts"; clap, "Philippians"; rest.
And if Philippians then picks Galations,
Philippians: Clap, "Philippians"; clap, "Philippians"; clap, "Galations"; rest.
Doing that in numbers, 1, 2, 5, 10, 8, ...:
One: Clap, "one"; clap, "one"; clap, "two"; rest.
Two: Clap, "two"; clap, "two"; clap, "five"; rest.
Five: Clap, "five"; clap, "five"; clap, "ten"; rest.
Ten: Clap, "ten"; clap, "ten"; clap, "eight"; rest.
At
the next level up, a person who misses the rhythm goes to the end of
the circle, and everyone after that person moves up one, taking new
names or numbers.
[a person who misses ... => …を外れる人]
[goes to the end => 末尾に移動する]
[everyone after that person => その（拍子を外れた）人の後の人皆]
[moves up one => 一つ頭の方へ]
[taking new names or numbers => 新しい（一の）名前や番号に変えて]
We did a round of using numbers so everyone could get used to it.
[round => 一回り]
[so everyone could get used to it => 慣れていけるように]
I suggested that, if starting from one is too easy, the list could start from eleven.
[suggest => 提案する、勧める]
[the list could start from ... => リストが（１の替りに）…から始まってもいいでしょう]
The Minister's Cat
(
This game is also on Wikipedia.)
In Japanese, there is a game called "Taking the Tail", or 「尻取り」 (
Shiritori). It's a word association game, where, in each turn, you think of a word that starts with the final
音 (
on, loosely, syllabic character, or
mora) of the previous word.
[there is ... => …はあるよ！]
[called ... => …という]
[tail => 末尾、尻尾]
[word association => 言葉の関連性]
[in each turn => 交代交代]
[think of ... => …を考えだす]
[starts with ... => …で始める]
[final ... => 末尾の…]
[syllabic > 音節の]
[mora => （かなの）泊、一つのかなの音]
There are English-language word games similar to
Shiritori, called
Word Chain games, in which you can start the next word with either the last sound or the last letter of the previous word.
[word game => 言葉で遊ぶゲーム、言葉遊び]
[similar to ... => …のような、…に似た]
[chain => 関連、関連性]
[in which ... => …になる、その中に…がある]
[can start with either A or B => A でも B でも始めてもいい]
[start the word with ... => …でその言葉を始める（その言葉が始める）]
[last sound => 最後の音（発音）]
[last letter => 末尾の文字]
There is also a game known as The Minister's Cat, in which you think of words to describe the cat according to their first letter.
[there is also ... => …もある]
[known as ... => …として知られる]
[minister => 牧師、僧、大臣]
[describe => 描写する、（想像できるように）説明する]
[according to ... => …に応じて、…に従って、…と一致して]
[first letter => 頭文字]
There are two versions. In the easy version, the first person says an adjective for the cat that starts with "A", the second thinks of a word that starts with "B", and so on, each player using the next letter of the alphabet in turn.
[easy version => やりやすいやり方、優しいバージョン、簡単版]
[adjective => 描写する語彙、形容詞]
[word that starts with ... => …で始める語彙]
[and so on => など]
[using ... => …をあてて]
[next letter in turn => 交代交代次の文字]
In the harder version, all players think of words that start with "A". When they have gone around the circle, or when no one can think of any more words, they start on words that begin with "B".
[harder => 難い、難しい]
[when they have gone around ... => …を回ったところ]
[no one can think of ... => 誰も…を考え出せない]
[any more ... => これ以上の…]
[start on ... => …でやりだす]
To make the game competitive, players who can't think of a word are out.
[make ... competitive => …を競争的にする]
[who can't think of ... => …を考え出せない]
[are out => 負けたものとする]
We played one round of the easy rules version of this game, in rhythm:
- amicable
- 友好的な
The minister's cat is an amicable cat.
- brilliant
- 天才ある
The minister's cat is a brilliant cat.
- cute
- 可愛い
The minister's cat is a cute cat.
- dangerous
- 危険な
The minister's cat is a dangerous cat.
- elegant
- 気質のある、優美な、洗練された、品の良い
The minister's cat is an elegant cat.
- foolish
- 思慮分別のない、愚かな
The minister's cat is a foolish cat.
- giant
- でかい、巨大な
The minister's cat is a giant cat.
- happy
- 幸せな、嬉しい
The minister's cat is a happy cat.
- innocent
- 無邪気な、無罪な
The minister's cat is an innocent cat.
- (gentle は "j" ではなかった)
- 優しい、丁重な、物柔らかな
The minister's cat is a gentle cat.
- jealous
- 嫉妬深い、ねたむ
The minister's cat is a jealous cat.
- kind
- 親切な、思いやりのある、寛大な
The minister's cat is a kind cat.
- luxurious
- 豪華な
The minister's cat is a luxurious cat.
(The minister's cat has luxurious fur.)
- magical
- 魔法ある、魅力ある
The minister's cat is a magical cat.
- (honest は "o" ではなかった)
- 味目で正直な、真実しか言わない
The minister's cat is an honest cat.
- old
- 年老いた
The minister's cat is an old cat.
- printed
- 印刷された（つまり、猫の絵か、猫の写真）
The minister's cat is a printed cat.
-
- [JMR: Actually posted January 2nd, 2017 -- had to preserve links.]
